Evolution of Defence Acquisition Procedures in India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29070/gs4re936Keywords:
Defence Acquisition, Defence Procurement Procedure, DAP 2020, Indigenous Design, Strategic Autonomy, Public Procurement, Defence Modernization, Lifecycle SupportAbstract
Defence acquisition determines how military requirements become usable capabilities and how public expenditure influences national technological development. In India, its evolution reflects a continuing effort to reconcile operational urgency, financial accountability and the aspiration for strategic autonomy. This article examines the progression from the 1992 procurement framework and post-Kargil institutional reforms to successive Defence Procurement Procedures, the Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020 and the draft reforms announced in 2025. It uses qualitative documentary analysis of government publications, parliamentary material and selected international frameworks. The discussion shows that acquisition policy has gradually expanded beyond purchasing equipment to support indigenous design, domestic manufacturing and participation by private enterprises. Nevertheless, additional rules do not automatically produce faster decisions or reliable deliveries. Requirements formulation, evaluation, contracting and lifecycle support remain closely connected challenges. Drawing on international perspectives, the article recommends differentiated acquisition pathways, professional project management, proportionate oversight and stronger evaluation of outcomes. Effective reform should be judged by timely military capability, sustainable industrial learning and responsible use of public resources.
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References
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