Mental Health in Higher Education: Global Models and Indian Realities

Abstract

Mental health has emerged as a critical concern in higher education, necessitating a transition from traditional academic-centric models to more inclusive, student well-being oriented frameworks. This study presents a comparative analysis of mental health policies in countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, and Finland, in contrast with the prevailing scenario in India. Employing a comparative and analytical research methodology, supported by doctrinal analysis of legal and policy frameworks including the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017, University Grants Commission guidelines, and the National Education Policy, 2020- the study evaluates policy effectiveness and implementation mechanisms.

The findings reveal that global models emphasize integrated, preventive, and student-centric approaches, embedding mental health within institutional governance and campus culture. In contrast, India continues to follow a fragmented and largely reactive system. Key challenges include persistent social stigma, inadequate institutional infrastructure, a shortage of trained mental health professionals, and the absence of enforceable regulatory mechanisms. The paper proposes a comprehensive framework to strengthen mental health governance through effective policy enforcement, curriculum integration, digital mental health support systems, and awareness initiatives. It concludes that integrating mental health into the core structure of higher education is essential for enhancing student well-being, improving academic outcomes, and ensuring overall institutional quality.